Wine glasses come in many shapes and sizes. The structure of the glass is designed to enhance the flavor and aroma of the wine so it is important to choose the right glass for the wine you are drinking. The shape of the glass determines several things: how much surface area is exposed to the air, how much wine can be swilled in the glass, how close your nose can get to the wine, and where the wine falls on your palate as you drink.

If you are drinking champagne for instance, it is proper to use a champagne flute. The champagne flute’s tall, narrow design forces our nose outside of the glass and causes the wine to fall further back on the palate as we tip our head back. In addition to keeping the wine carbonated, the narrow opening at the top of the glass minimizes the surface area that is exposed to the air and keeps the flavor clean and crisp. Since we want to slow oxidization in champagne, there is no need to have a wide bowl for swirling the wine around.

With white wines, a bit more reaction with the air is desirable so the glass is wider and shorter than a champagne flute. A white wine glass is designed to allow a moderate rate of oxidization, enough to release the bouquet of the wine while retaining its crispness. White wine glasses vary as much as the white wines themselves so it cannot be said that there is one standard. In some cases, like with a buttery chardonnay, a wider bowl that you can get your nose into is preferable and may not look like a white wine glass at all. Generally speaking, the crisper the wine is to be kept, that narrower the glass.

Finally, red wine glasses are generally the biggest, having wide bowls and large mouths. These glasses are designed so that a large surface area is exposed to the air and so that the wine can be swilled around to infuse more air while drinking. Some red wine glasses can be quite tall, forcing the wine to sit further down in the glass, keeping the aromas in the glass but the mouth is always wide enough to get your nose in there while taking a sip.

These are the three basic types of glasses and are representative of the spectrum. Between these glasses though there is every size, shape, and style imaginable, each enhancing their own varieties of wine.

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Are you confused about choosing the right wine to serve with certain foods? You’ll be glad to learn that most of the strict “wine rules” are out the window these days. Here are more relaxed guidelines to help you enjoy wine to its fullest.

Wines can be divided into four general classes: appetizer, dinner, dessert, and sparkling wines. The name of the class generally indicates the use of each wine.

Appetizer wines, also called aperitifs, are those served before a meal or as a cocktail.

Dinner wines, also called table wines, include red, white, and rose wines. They usually are served with the main course. Red dinner wines are predominantly dry and rich, and sometimes have a tart or astringent character, so they are best with hearty or highly seasoned foods. White dinner wines are lighter in flavor can can be very dry and tart or slightly sweet and fragrant. Serve white wines with delicately flavored foods so that the flavor of the wine does not overpower the entree.

Rose wine is an all-purpose dinner wine, compatible with any food. Rose wines, which are simply pale red wines, may be sweet or dry, or even lightly carbonated.

In cooking, the flavor of wine should subtly enhance the natural food flavors. Dry red wines are generally used in main dishes such as stews and sauces for red meats. Dry white wines work well with white sauces or poultry dishes.

Dessert wines are heavier heavier-bodied and sweet, and are served as the dessert or as a dessert accompaniment. You also can add them to your favorite dessert sauce.

Sparkling wines, served either by themselves or as an accompaniment, make any occasion special. They taste equally good before, during, or at the end of the meal. The driest ones are labeled “brut”.

Store unopened wines at a cool, constant temperature (about 60oF). Store corked bottle on their sides so the wine will stay in contact with the cork and keep it moist.

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